How to Calculate Riichi Mahjong Results | Uma, Oka, Conversion Rates, and Chips

mahjong's balance is calculated in the order of "score sticks → point → actual balance"

After mahjong is over, you can't know the final balance just by looking at the dots in hand. This is because it is necessary to calculate the difference between final score and return score, add uma according to the order of finish and oka of the top prize, and also reflect conversion rate, chips, and table fee.

It may seem complicated due to the large number of items, but you do not need to calculate everything at once. The flow of calculation is clear if you divide it into three stages: "raw points from the score sticks", "Final point from raw points", "Actual balance from the final point".

In this article, we will explain the basic calculation formula, the difference between uma and oka, specific examples of four-player mahjong, precautions for sanma and competition mahjong, and how to check when the calculations do not match. Finally, we will also organize how to properly use results and average placement.

1. [Conclusion] How to calculate results of mahjong

1-1. Basic flow of results calculation of mahjong

1. Check final score and finishing order at the end of the game
2. Subtract return score from final score to calculate raw points
3. Add uma according to order of arrival
4. Add oka to the top
5. If there is a Tobi Award, etc., it will be reflected and the final points will be given.
6. Convert final points to conversion rate
7. Adjust receipt and payment of chips
8. Deduct table fee that each person pays
9. Add everything up to get the final balance

The important thing is not to calculate score stickss, points, and actual balance in the same column. If you save intermediate values ​​for each step, even if the results do not match, you can return to the point where the cause occurred, such as raw points, uma, chips.

1-2. Balance calculation formula for mahjong

Rounding, ranking in case of a tie, Tobi prize, etc. vary depending on the table. Before entering the equation, please confirm the rules to be used at the table.

1-3. Points, points, and actual balance are different things.

If you treat 40,000 points as results, or directly add the number of chips to the final points, the units will be mixed up. Be sure to clearly indicate the units in the calculation table, such as "points," "points," and "P."

2. Terms used in mahjong results calculations

2-1. What are points?

Points are points distributed to each player at the start of the game. If you have 25,000 points, everyone will start the game with 25,000 points. For four-player mahjong, the total starting score is 100,000 points.

2-2. What is return score?

return score is the standard for calculating raw points after the game ends. If you have 25,000 points and return 30,000 points, the amount over 30,000 points will be a plus, and the amount lacking will be a minus. Please do not confuse points and return score as they have different yaku percentages.

2-3. What is raw points?

raw points is the value obtained by converting the difference between final score and return score into units of 1,000 points. If you settle 40,000 points by returning 30,000 points, the difference is 10,000 points, so raw points is +10. At this stage, do not add uma or oka yet.

2-4. What is uma?

uma is a ranking point that will be added or subtracted depending on the final ranking. uma10-20 generally refers to 1st +20, 2nd +10, 3rd -10, and 4th -20. The sum of plus and minus is 0.

2-5. What is oka?

oka is the top prize created from the difference between your starting points and return score. In four-player mahjong, which has 25,000 points and returns 30,000 points, the difference between 4 people is 20,000 points, or 20 points will be added to the top.

2-6. What is conversion rate?

conversion rate is the multiplier that converts the final points into actual balance units. In the example in this article, 1 point is calculated as 100P. Please confirm with everyone the units and multipliers to be used before the game.

2-7. What is chips?

chips is a payment item that is passed separately from the score sticks. The target agari and unit price vary depending on the rules. It is not included in the score sticks or final point, but is added or subtracted by "number of sheets x unit price" after converting to conversion rate.

2-8. What is table fee?

table fee is a table usage fee that is incurred separately from the game results. Separately record the income and expenses based on wins and losses, and then subtract each person's contribution at the end. If table fee is included, the final balance of all participants will be negative by table fee.

Quick reference table for items used in results calculations

In four-player mahjong, which has 25,000 points and returns 30,000 points, there is a difference of 5,000 points per person for 4 people, so the total for raw points is 20 points short. The top award that fills this gap is oka. In this example we will add +20 to the top.

Differentiate between “dot”, “point” and “P”

40,000 to use during the gamepoint, write +50 on the settlement sheetpoints,+5,000 after conversionPis another value. By writing down the unit in the record field, you can avoid mistakes such as "dividing +50 by 1,000 again" or "directly adding uma to 40,000 points."

point

A dot on the table. win, shooting, and flow will vary from station to station.

raw points

This is the difference between final score and return score, usually expressed in units of 1,000 points during payment.

final point

This is the value after ranking adjustment, which reflects uma, oka, etc. in raw points.

P

This is the conversion unit used in the calculation examples in this article.

oka adds the missing 20 points to the top

four-player mahjong, which has 25,000 points and returns 30,000 points, has a starting total of 100,000 points, while return score has a total of 120,000 points. Therefore, the total for raw points is -20 points. If you return these 20 points to the top, the sum of raw points and oka will be 0.

If your points and return score are the same, this difference will not occur. There are some tables that do not use oka, so do not judge by the name alone, but check the points you have, return score, and the value added to the top.

3. Difference between uma and oka

3-1. uma is a point added or subtracted depending on the ranking

uma is a ranking point that makes a difference in the final ranking. For uma10-20, it is common to set 1st +20, 2nd +10, 3rd -10, and 4th -20. The points for 4 people add up to 0, so the points that one person receives are borne by someone else.

3-2. oka is the point given to the top

oka is the top prize to settle the difference between your points and return score. The reason for the occurrence is different from uma attached to the ranking itself. There are rules where the points you have and return score are the same, and rules where oka is not used.

3-3. If you have 25,000 points and get 30,000 points back, why oka20?

If you distribute 25,000 points each with four-player mahjong, the total starting points will be 100,000 points. On the other hand, if you return 30,000 points, the total for 4 people will be 120,000 points. There will be a shortage of 20,000 points, so 20 points will be added to the top, with 1,000 points as 1 point.

For example, if the total of everyone's raw points is -20, adding oka+20 to the top will make the total 0. oka is not an arbitrarily added bonus, but has a yaku discount that fills the difference between your points and return score.

3-4. Do not confuse uma and oka

If you just write "+20 at the top", you won't know whether it is uma or oka. Separate columns in the settlement table and add uma and oka only once each.

4. Actually calculate the balance of four-player mahjong

4-2. Check final score

Let final score be 40,000 points, 30,000 points, 20,000 points, and 10,000 points. Take raw points based on the difference with return score, and reflect uma and oka to determine the final points including finishing order.

4-3. Calculate raw points

All four people subtract 30,000 points from return score from final score and divide by 1,000. 40,000 points is +10, 30,000 points is 0, 20,000 points is -10, and 10,000 points is -20.

4-4. Add uma

According to the confirmed ranking, add 1st +20, 2nd +10, 3rd -10, and 4th -20. The sum of just uma is 0.

4-5. Add oka

Add oka+20 to the top. oka for 2nd place and below is 0. With this +20, raw points, which was -20 in total, will be settled.

4-6. Calculate final points

The final points are 1st place +50, 2nd place +10, 3rd place -20, and 4th place -40. The calculations up to uma and oka are correct because the sum for 4 people becomes 0.

4-7. Convert conversion rate

Since 1 point = 100P, multiply the final points by 100. +50 is +5,000P, +10 is +1,000P, -20 is -2,000P, -40 is -4,000P.

4-8. Adjust chips

chips The number of tickets will be 1st place + 5 pieces, 2nd place - 1 piece, 3rd place - 2 pieces, and 4th place - 2 pieces. table fee is 400P per person.

If 1 piece of chips = 100P, the order will be +500P, -100P, -200P, -200P. Check that the total of receipts and payments is 0.

4-9. Subtract table fee

This time, we will pay 400P per person equally. table fee is a separate cost from winning or losing, so after calculating the points and chips, 400P will be deducted from everyone.

4-10. Calculate the final balance

5. Follow the No. 1 results calculation from beginning to end

STEP1. Issue raw points from final score

1st place final score has 40,000 points. 30,000 points returned, so（40,000−30,000）÷1,000＝+10It becomes.

STEP2. Add uma

Add 1st place uma+20 and you will get +30 points.

STEP3. Add oka

In addition, the top prize oka+20 will be added for +50 points.

STEP4. Give the final points

The total of raw points+10, uma+20, and oka+20 is the final point +50 for this game.

STEP5. Convert conversion rate

1 point = 100P, so+50×100＝+5,000PIt is.

STEP6. Add chips

Since I have received 5 pieces of chips,5 pieces x 100P = +500PAdd.

STEP7. Subtract table fee

Finally, subtracting table fee400P, the final balance is+5,000+500−400＝+5,100PIt is.

1. raw points:(40,000 points − 30,000 points) ÷ 1,000 = +10 points
2. uma and oka:+10 + 20 + 20 = +50 points
3. Point conversion:+50 × 100P ＝ +5,000P
4. chips:+5 pieces × 100P = +500P
5. table fee:+5,000P + 500P − 400P ＝ +5,100P

In this way, the score sticks of 40,000 points changes in order to raw points+10, final points +50, conversion rate conversion +5,000P, and final balance +5,100P. The key to avoiding mistakes is to calculate step by step without skipping units in between.

6. Why is the balance of mahjong totaling 0?

6-1. The point stick basically just moves around the table.

The dot sticks move when you fire or shoot, but usually the dot sticks on the entire table do not increase or decrease on their own. If you combine final score and riichi deposits, it will match the total points distributed at the beginning.

6-2. The sum of uma is 0

This time, uma is +20, +10, −10, −20, and the total is 0. uma is a system that moves ranking points between players, so the receiving side and the paying side are balanced.

6-3. Adding oka fills in the gap in raw points

If you have 25,000 points and return 30,000 points, the total raw points of 4 people will be -20. By adding oka+20 to the top, the missing part will be filled and the final point total will be 0.

6-4. chips also has a total of 0 if moving between players

If someone receives 5 chips, the total amount paid by other players should also be 5. If the number of chips for everyone does not add up to 0, there may be an input error or a mistake in the number fu.

6-5. If table fee is included, the total will be negative

In this example, the final points +50, +10, -20, and -40 add up to 0. This is because the adopted uma and oka fill in the missing points, and payment can be completed just by moving around the table. Since chips also has +5, -1, -2, and -2 pieces, the total is 0 pieces, so the total balance before drawing table fee is 0P.

The final balance after reflecting table fee is +5,100P, +500P, -2,600P, -4,600P, for a total of -1,600P. The calculation is correct because the absolute value matches the total of 1,600P of table fee paid by the participants.

7. How to check when results calculations do not match

It is more efficient to check in the order of final score, raw points, uma・oka, conversion rate, chips, table fee, rather than calculating backwards from the final balance. Once you know the stage at which the difference first occurred, there is no need to review all the calculations behind it.

8. How to calculate the fraction of mahjong?

8-1. If it is 35,700 points, how much is raw points?

Add processing for each table to the basic calculations. If final score is 35,700 points, the difference from returning 30,000 points is +5,700 points, and raw points is +5.7 points. Whether to use +5.7, round to an integer, round up, round down, or round down to the nearest whole number depends on the adoption rules.

8-2. Rounding, rounding up, and rounding down differ depending on the rules.

There is no universal method for rounding numbers across the country. Some tables record +5.7 as +6, some record numbers as decimals, and some use rounding up or down depending on the ranking. Always prioritize the actual rules.

8-3. Do not round numbers too many times during the process.

If you want to round the number, do it only once, immediately after entering final score. After rounding with raw points, if you round the same fraction again in P conversion, the errors will overlap. Regulations that do not add up to zero after rounding may require additional steps, such as rounding fractions to the top. Don't make adjustments to suit just one person, and record the method you decided on before the game.

8-4. There is also a rule that puts fractions at the top.

If the total points for everyone do not add up to 0 after rounding individually, there is a rule to add the remaining fractions to the top. Leave the rounding adjustments in a separate column so you know who added how many points.

9. What will happen to the ranking and uma in case of a tie?

9-1. Determine the order of arrival first

When there are people with the same final score, how they are handled depends on the rules, such as placing the person closest to the originator higher, or dividing the ranking points. Even if final score is the same, uma will change if the finishing order is different, so first determine the ranking and then add the ranking points. Not only final score but also the confirmed ranking will be recorded in the record.

9-2. Rule that places people closest to the originator at the top

If there is a tie, there is a way to decide the top spot based on the seating order from the starting point. This method will determine the ranking uniquely, and each will receive the usual uma.

9-3. Rules for splitting uma in half

Another method is to add up the uma of the two tied rankings and divide it between the two. For example, if you split 2nd place +10 and 3rd place -10, the ranking points for both will be 0.

9-4. Tie handling differs depending on the table

The final points will change depending on whether you decide the ranking by seat order or split the uma. Do not choose a convenient method after starting the calculation, but follow the recruitment rules.

9-5. Check the rules before playing the game

Ties are infrequent and handling may only become an issue at checkout. Writing down the method for determining rankings in the event of a tie in the rule sheet will help prevent disputes after the game.

10. If there is Tobi Award, Yakitori, riichi deposits, etc.

10-1. Tobi Award

Tobi Award is a rule that transfers additional points from a player whose points are below a certain condition to a player who skips. Check in advance whether there is a beneficiary, payer, and termination of payment.

10-2. Yakitori

Yakitori is a rule that imposes a penalty on players who never win during a game. The conditions for cancellation and payment destination vary depending on the table.

10-3. riichi rod/riichi deposits

The 1,000-score sticks remaining on the table after the riichi declaration is called riichi deposits. Please be careful not to double count with final score as the processing methods are different, such as adding it to the top at the end of the game or carrying it over to the next game.

10-4. Other special payments

It will be easier to calculate additional awards if you keep track of how many points were transferred from who to whom instead of grouping them together in "Other Adjustments." If you want to transfer 5 points as a Tobi prize, enter +5 on the receiving side and -5 on the paying side at the same time. If the bonus is added from an external source, the total will not be 0, so record the reason and source.

10-5. Consider special rules separately from basic calculations

First, determine the basic points with raw points, uma, and oka, and then add special settlement. By separating the items, it will be easier to compare the results with those that do not use special rules.

Decide who will receive the riichi stick left on the table.

riichi The point stick left on the table after the game is over is declaredriichi deposits (Kyoutaku)It is called. The rules differ as to who to add the remaining riichi deposits at the end of the game and whether to carry it over to the next game. Also record the stages of processing so that they do not overlap both the score sticks total and the final point.

11. What is the difference between the balance calculation of three-player mahjong and four-player mahjong?

11-1. The basic calculation flow is the same

For sanma, the process is the same: calculate raw points from final score, reflect the ranking points and oka, and add or subtract conversion rate, chips, and table fee if necessary. The difference is not in the calculation procedure, but in the rule values ​​that are entered into the formula.

11-2. Points held and return score are often different from four-player mahjong

sanma often uses points that are different from four-player mahjong, such as starting with 30,000 or 35,000 points. return score is also different for each table, so you should not just apply four-player mahjong's 25,000 points and 30,000 points return.

11-3. uma settings are different

Since there are only rankings from 1st to 3rd, uma will also be set for 3 people. There are various distributions, such as making a difference between only 1st and 3rd place, or setting 2nd place to 0. Please check the rules for the total for 3 people.

11-4. The concept of oka also differs depending on the rules

There is a method to calculate oka from the difference between the starting total score and three return score, and there is also a method to determine another top prize. There is no common value such as "oka of sanma is always ○ points".

11-5. Be careful of chips rules specific to sanma

There is a rule that North extraction, red tiles, yakuman, tsumo Agari, etc. are targeted by chips. Record the settlement of point sticks and the delivery of chips separately, and also record the main rules such as the presence or absence of tsumo loss.

11-6. Do not simply compare the results of four-player mahjong and sanma

The value is not the same even for the same +30 points because the number of participants in one game, the movement of the point stick, the ranking points, and the chips conditions are different. For long-term results, please calculate sanma and four-player mahjong separately. For more detailssanma results management methodBut it is explained.

12. How are points calculated for M League and competition mahjong?

12-1. Competition mahjong also has ranking points

Even in the competition mahjong, there is a rule to calculate performance points by adding ranking points to final score. However, the purpose of ranking points is to aggregate the results within the league, and is not the same as calculating the actual balance for general tables.

12-2. M League point calculation

M League official game rulesNow, each player has 25,000 points, and the scores over 30,000 points are counted as plus, and the shortfalls are counted as minus. Ranking points are 1st place +50,000 points, 2nd place +10,000 points, 3rd place -10,000 points, and 4th place -30,000 points, and the points you have and the ranking points are converted to 1,000 points = 1 point.

For example, if you are in 2nd place with 35,800 points, add +10 points to raw points+5.8 points, which is +15.8 points. The distribution is different from the general uma10-20, so please do not apply it to the same formula.

12-3. The purpose is different from the general desk uma and oka

At general tables, points may be further converted into conversion rate to calculate the actual balance. M League points are accumulated as competition results, and are not a system that calculates the actual balance between players by adding chips and table fee.

12-4. Rules differ depending on professional organizations

Points, ranking points, tie-breaking, and rounding differ depending on the competition organization and tournament. When calculating professional grades, check the official rules published by the organization.

12-5. Do not apply general uma10-20 as is

If you think, "It's the ranking points of mahjong, so it's probably the same," the results will be different from the official points. Don't just judge by the rule name, check the distribution from 1st to 4th place with specific numbers.

13. Items to keep when recording results of mahjong

If you keep only the final balance, you won't be able to recalculate it later or find out why the balance changed. At a minimum, record the following items for each game.

Points, return score, uma, oka, and rounding will also be left in the rules column. To check before the gamemahjong Rule table template conversion rateare also available.

14. The strength of mahjong cannot be judged by results alone

14-1. Income and expenses vary greatly depending on the rules

The final balance is affected not only by raw points but also by uma, oka, conversion rate, chips, and table fee. Even if the ranking and final score are the same, if the unit price of conversion rate or chips is different, the results will change greatly.

14-2. Even if you have the same ability, the results will change depending on the rules

In rules where the top prize is large, the value of first place becomes high, and in rules where chips is weighted heavily, results other than the order of finish will be strongly reflected in the balance. Even if you compare only the results, it does not necessarily mean that there is a difference in the pure results.

14-3. average placement is not affected by conversion rate or table fee

average placement is an index that averages the final rankings. Whether conversion rate is 1 point or 100P or 200P, average placement will not change if the order is the same. It is not affected by the height of table fee.

14-4. average placement is also important when looking at long-term ability

To check if you are in the top position over a long period of time, look at average placement, first-place rate, last-place rate along with your results. Even when the balance deteriorates, you can determine whether it is due to poor finish or the influence of chips or table fee.

14-5. “How much you won” and “how many places you won” are different indicators

average placement standards and which numbers can be said to be strong?Guideline and how to read average placement of mahjongIt is explained in detail.

15. Is it possible to have a bad balance even though average placement is good?

15-1. average placement and results do not necessarily match

Although average placement is good, the actual balance may be negative. This is because the targets that the two indicators look at and the rules that are affected are different.

15-2. Case where raw points is low at top

If there are many close tops, average placement will be better, but raw points's plus will be smaller. On the other hand, a large top can boost the bottom line even with a small number of games.

15-3. Case with large minus at the end

Even if last-place rate is low, if it sinks significantly in one last-place finish, the impact on the balance will be significant. Check not only the rank distribution but also the average points for each rank.

15-4. Case where chips has poor results

Even if the finishing order is good, if the payment of chips exceeds the receipt, the actual balance will decrease. You can see the cause by displaying the balance with and without chips separately.

15-5. Impact of table fee

table fee occurs every time you play a game, so it becomes a big burden over a long period of time. Even if the balance due to wins and losses is slightly positive, it may become negative when table fee is included.

15-6. Case where games with different rules are mixed

If you add up games with different conversion rate and uma, it will be difficult to understand the relationship between average placement and results. Focus on the same format and main rules for root cause analysis.

15-7. View multiple indicators as a set

By arranging average placement, results, first-place rate, last-place rate, and the number of games played, you can check whether the finish order or points gained or lost has changed. It is important not to base your success or failure on just one number.

16. Common mistakes when calculating results of mahjong

16-1. Confusing point sticks and points

40,000 points and +50 points are different values. Convert the score sticks to the difference from return score, convert it to 1,000 points, and then reflect uma and oka.

16-2. Confusing points and return score

If you have 25,000 points and return 30,000 points, the starting point of the game is 25,000 points, and the standard for raw points calculation is 30,000 points. This difference becomes the source of oka.

16-3. Add uma twice

The final point displayed by the aggregation service may already contain uma. Decide whether to calculate it yourself from final score or enter the completed points, and avoid adding the same uma twice.

16-4. Add oka twice

Even though oka is included in the top final point, if you add the top prize, the total will shift to a positive value. Check whether the shortfall in the total raw points matches oka.

16-5. Add chips to score sticks

chips moves outside the score sticks, so it won't turn 40,000 points into 40,500 points or +50 points into +55 points. After converting the final points to P, add or subtract it using the chips quantity x unit price column. In this way, you can create a score summary that does not use chips from the same game record.

16-6. Include table fee in mahjong grade itself

table fee is the table usage fee. If you save the increase/decrease due to wins and losses separately, you can check the pure game results and the actual burden. It is also important to note that if the table fee is the same every time, the total including table fee will decrease as the number of games increases.

16-7. Aggregate sanma and four-player mahjong together

The same points have different meanings because the number of participants and the range of rankings are different. Calculate sanma and four-player mahjong separately, and add up the total amount of actual balance only when necessary.

16-8. Simple comparison of results for different rules

If uma, oka, conversion rate, chips, and table fee are different, the balance will change even if the order of arrival is the same. When comparing the causes of performance, focus on games with the same main rules.

16-9. Rounding is performed many times in the middle

When rounding at each stage of raw points, conversion rate conversion, and final balance, errors accumulate. Process it only once at the stage specified by the recruitment rule and leave the original value as well.

18. Summary｜mahjong's balance is calculated in the order of "score sticks → point → actual balance"

For the balance of mahjong, subtract return score from final score to find raw points, and calculate the final points by reflecting uma and oka. After that, convert conversion rate, add or subtract chips, and finally subtract table fee to complete the final balance.

To avoid calculation errors, it is important to record score stickss, raw points, final points, and actual balance as separate units. By checking the total for everyone at each stage, you can quickly find double additions for uma and oka, omissions in input for chips, and burden errors for table fee.

Let's tally up games between sanma and four-player mahjong, between Dongfeng and Hanzhuang, and between different uma and conversion rate. mahjong's ability is not determined by results alone, so when looking at long-term results, please also check average placement, first-place rate, last-place rate, and the number of games played.